01.04.2020
Тема: Дієслова для передачі непрямої мови. Неозначено-особові та безособові структури
1. Розгляньте таблицю на ст. 147.
2. Для кращого розуміння ознайомтися з таблицею нижче.
3. Виконайте впр. 6 на ст. 147, в якій потрібно змінити речення на неозначено-особові та безособові. Наприклад, People are believed to have killed the animals during the night. Для виконання вправи вам потрібно згадати інфітивну структуру (інформація нижче).
4. Виконайте впр. 7 на ст. 147. Тут потрібно підставити дієслово в правильній формі інфінітиву (їх 4).
Інфінітив у сполученні з іменником або займенником в об'єктному відмінку може утворювати комплекси, які виконують роль складних членів речення.
Називний відмінок з інфінітивом (Nominative with the Infinitive) виконує в реченні роль складного підмета і складається з іменника або особового займенника у називному відмінку та інфінітива.
Цей зворот вживається у таких випадках:
1. Коли присудок виражений дієсловами to ask, to say, to think, to know, to expect, to suppose, to hear, to see, to report, to describe, to advise, to order. У таких реченнях дієслово-присудок вживається у пасивному стані:
Не is said to be a good singer. — Говорять, що він добрий співак.
They were advised to come in time. — Їм порадили прийти вчасно.
Не was ordered not to go there. — Йому було наказано не йти туди.
2. Коли присудок виражений дієсловами to seem, to appear, to happen, to turn out. У таких реченнях дієслово-присудок вживається в активному стані:
Roman seems to know English well. — Здається, Роман добре знає англійську мову.
Не seemed to have forgotten the poem. — Він, здавалось, забув вірша.
3. Коли іменна частина присудка виражена прикметниками sure, certain, likely:
Не is likely to have received my parcel. — Він, напевно, вже одержав мою посилку.
Не is sure to соте to Kyiv. — Він, напевно, приїде до Києва.
| Introductory Verb | Translation | Direct Speech | Reported Speech |
| Pattern 1 — Verb + that-clause | |||
| Verb + [that] | |||
| agree | Погоджуватися | “Ok, I was wrong.” | He agreed that he had been wrong. |
| claim | Заявляти | “I saw the UFO.” | He claimed that he had seen the UFO. |
| complain | Жалітися | “You never share any secrets with me!” | She complained that I never share any secrets with her. |
| admit | Признавати | “I was really unfriendly to him.” | She admitted that she had been unfriendly to him. |
| deny | Заперечувати | “I didn’t break your favourite cup!” | He denied that he had broken the cup. |
| exclaim | Вигукнути | “I am so happy!” | She exclaimed that she was very happy. |
| explain | Роз’яснити | “You see, there’s no point in going there right now.” | He explained that there was no point in going there at that very moment. |
| recommend | Радити | “You’d better stay at home.” | She recommended that we stayed at home. |
| prove | Доказувати | “See, the system works.” | He proved that the system worked. |
| insist | Наполягати | “You do need to be present at the meeting.” | They insisted that I need to be present at the meeting. |
| regret | шкодувати | “If only I could go on a vacation this year.” | She regrets that she can’t go on a vacation this year. |
| state | Стверджувати | “I have never seen the young man before.” | The witness stated that she had never seen the young man before. |
| promise | Обіцяти | “I will be back no later than eight o’clock.” | Dad promised that he will be back no later than eight o’clock. |
| suggest | Пропонувати | “Shall we spend the evening together?” | He suggested that they spent the evening together. |
| assert | Cndthl;edfnb | “Nuclear power is a safe and non-polluting kind of energy.” | The scientists asserted that nuclear power is a safe and non-polluting kind of energy. |
| contend | Заявляти | “The Earth may be much younger than previously thought.” | Some astronomers contend that the Earth may be much younger than previously thought. |
| maintain | Підтверджувати | “The new economic reforms may lead to a new crisis in the country.” | Financial analysts maintain that the new economic reforms may lead to a new crisis in the country. |
| declare | повідомляти | “Brown’s case should be reviewed.” | The court declared that Brown’s case should be reviewed. |
| imply | припускати | “I am angry no more”, she grinned. | Her grin implied that she was still angry. |
| observe | помічати | “He was driving at the speed over 90 miles per hour.” | The officer observed that he was driving over 90 miles per hour. |
| note | підмічати | “As far as I can see, you have no previous criminal record.” | The judge noted that the defendant had no previous criminal record. |
| comment | коментувати | “Your friend’s behavior is absolutely outrageous.” | Dad commented that his daughter’s friend’s behavior was absolutely outrageous. |
| point out | Звертати увагу | “It is very important to earn enough to be independent.” | She pointed out that it is very important to earn enough to be independent. |
Джерело за посиланням https://opentalk.org.ua/langstory/yak-peredati-chuzhi-slova/.
